The question of sanctions in MEAs is a complicated one and often misunderstood. Although over 20 MEAs provide for recourse to trade measures, none of these is a trade sanction in the same way that the WTO uses them. In CITES for example, trade measures are the instrument of the treaty; it is about trade. In the Montreal Protocol, trade measures can be used purposively to control the flow of ozone- depleting technology. Fishery treaties also call for trade measures but only as a means of achieving the purpose of the treaty. These trade measures are predicated on an entirely different principle than the trade measures that the WTO employs in the DSU when it authorizes one country to sanction another.
Other international bodies employ trade measures just as a tool to achieve the goal of the relevant treaties, not for the same purpose for which the WTO uses them as it authorizes one nation to sanction another.
其他一些国际机构在采取与贸易有关的措施时只是把它作为实现相关条约目标的手段, 其目的不同于世贸组织采用贸易措施的目的,不同于它授权一国制裁另一国时的目的。
1、Although over 20 MEAs provide for recourse to trade measures, none of them is a trade sanction in the same way that the WTO uses them.
在此句中
1)“none of them is a trade sanction in the same way”是主句;
2)“Although over 20 MEAs provide for recourse to trade measures”是个让步状语从句,修饰主句中的系表结构“is a trade sanction”;
3)“that the WTO uses them”是个限制性的定语从句,修饰 “way”,“in the same way that the WTO uses them”作状语修饰主句中的系表结构“is a trade sanction”,表示方式。
2、These trade measures are predicated on an entirely different principle than the trade measures that the WTO employs in the DSU, when it authorizes one country to sanction another.
在此句中
1)“These trade measures are predicated on an entirely different principle than the trade measures”是主句;
2)“that the WTO employs in the DSU, when it authorizes one country to sanction
another”是限制性定语从句,修饰名词“measures”,其中时间状语从句“when it authorizes one country to sanction another”修饰动词“employs”,说明其时间。