Paraphrasing (19th paragraph)
Text
The creation of the WTO has hurt U.S. workers and industries in many ways. One of the principle differences between the WTO and the GATT— the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade8 that governed world trade from the end of World War II until December 31, 1994—is that the WTO agreement created a new institution (the WTO) with the power to interpret and enforce the agreement 's rules. For example, the WTO has found on several occasions that U.S. laws providing tax exemptions for certain “foreign sales corporations ” (FSCs) are illegal. As a result, the European Union recently sought and received authorization from the WTO (a decision that is under appeal) to impose $4 billion in sanctions on U.S. goods because the U.S. failed to change these laws. Many U.S. firms, especially makers of aircraft and other high- value industrial machinery and equipment, maintain that these laws are essential to counteract the EU's WTO-sanctioned rebates of value-added taxes on their own exports. It is hard to explain to an ordinary citizen or company why the EU rebates are allowable under the WTO's “free trade ” rules while the U.S. system for subsidizing exports is not. From the point of view of U.S. firms and workers, this case does not rise to the standards that would be required by a fair trading system. Many of the jobs of 800 000 U.S. workers and thousands of U.S. companies involved in aerospace will be jeopardized if the U.S. is forced to scrap FSCs.
The main idea of the paragraph
The creation of the WTO has hurt U.S. workers and industries in many ways, because, for example, the WTO’s trade-related rules seem to favor the European Union while discriminating against the United States.
由于，比如说，世贸组织的与贸易相关的规则似乎偏袒欧盟、歧视美国，世贸组织的建立在许多方面损害了美国工人和美国产业界的利益。
句子分析
1、One of the principle differences between the WTO and the GATT – the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade that governed world trade from the end of World War II until December 31, 1994 – is that the WTO agreement created a new institution (the WTO) with the power to interpret and enforce the agreement’s rules.
在此句中：
1）“One of the principle differences between the WTO and the GATT”是主语，“it”是连系动词；
2）“the General Agreement … until December 31, 1994”是“GATT”的同位语，对其进行说明，其中“that governed world trade from the end of World War II until December 31, 1994”是个限制性的定语从句，修饰“the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade”；
3）“that the WTO agreement … agreement’s rules”是表语从句，其中介词短语“with the power to interpret and enforce the agreement’s rules”修饰名词“institution”。
2、The WTO has found on several occasions that U.S. laws providing tax exemptions for certain “foreign sales corporations” (FSCs) are illegal.
在此句中：
1）“The WTO has found”是主句；
2）“that U.S. laws … (FSCs) are illegal”是宾语从句，其中现在分词短语“providing tax exemptions for certain ‘foreign sales corporations’(FSCs)”作定语，修饰名词“U.S. laws”。
3、The European Union recently sought and received authorization from the WTO (a decision that is under appeal) to impose $4 billion in sanctions on U.S. goods because the U.S. failed to change these laws.
在此句中：
1）“The European Union recently sought and received authorization”是主句；
2）介词短语“from the WTO”作状语，修饰谓语动词“received”，表示地点；
3）“a decision that is under appeal”是同位语，说明“authorization”的内容，其中“that is under appeal”是个限制性的定语从句，修饰名词“decision”；
4）动词不定式“to impose $4 billion in sanctions on U.S. goods”作定语，修饰名词“authorization”；
5）“because the U.S. failed to change these laws”是原因状语从句，修饰主句中的谓语动词“sought”和“received”。
词语解释
1、foreign sales corporation 海外销售公司
Foreign Sales Corporations (FSCs) is a tax term for a company incorporated in a foreign country that the United States qualifies as a host country. A country qualifies by entering into an exchange of information agreement of the type that allows tax benefits. It was a means formerly provided by United States taxation law for US companies to receive a reduction in US federal income taxes for profits derived from exports, through the use of an offshore subsidiary (a "Foreign Sales Corporation").
2．value-added tax 增值税
A tax on the estimated market value added to a product or material at each stage of its manufacture or distribution, ultimately passed on to the consumer. Because the consumer ultimately pays a higher price for the taxed commodity, a VAT is essentially a hidden sales tax. Originally introduced in France (1954), it is now a major part of the tax structure of most nations.
